Reinforced hollow-wall construction.



G. E. SMALL.

REINFORCED HOLLOW WALL CONSTRUCTION.

\ APPLLCATIGN FILED MAY E, IBIS. 1,214,963.

Patented Fab. (i, 1917.

3 SHE LS-SHEET i.

rlLI.

'nume' G. E. SMALL.

REINFPRCED HOLLOW WALL CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED MAY6.1915.

Pamnted Feb. 6,1917;

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Eid'.

G. E. SMALL.

REIN'FOECED HOLLOW WALL CUNSTRUCHON.

APPLICATION FILED MAY5,19|5

Patented Feb. 6, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED. STATES I,PATENT oEEIoE.

AGEORGE E. SMALL, OF RICHMOND HILL, NEW YORK.

REINFORCED HOLLOW-WALL CONSTRUCTI( IN.

Bpecication of Letters Patent.

1*: :tented Feb. 6, 1,917.

Application led May 6, 1915. Sera1No.26.209.

.of comprising the floors, walls. etc., are constructed of hollow concrete or cement blocks, the object of the inventioi'i being to provide an improved construction ot' reinforced conerete o1" `cement hollow walls in which an improved slab or block ot' this character is utilized in the building:r ol such a strueture.

Onegofthe objects of the invention is the provision of' ani improved reinforced. slab or block whiohmay be manufactured at a very low cost and which7 with companion blocks, maybe readily asseml'iled and so Vinterloeked one with another that the strueture will have the appearance o't' a n'ionoli'th.

Another object of the invention is the provision of improved reintiorciner means for the slabs or blocks, which reinforcing means may also be utilizedV as a means for connecting or locking one block with com4 panion blocks, whereby the several blocks when assembled are so bound topgetlierl that a very Solid reinforced structure is obtained, and by reason of the improved vlm'matiou 0f the blocks the structure is provided at intervals with hollow spaces which maybe readily utilized 'l'or the passage of pipes. conduits ete. y I

Another object. oll the invention "is `the provision of an improved .slab or lilocle-so constructed and reinforced and p roilieled with-improved'meails for nnitiifLf' it with companion blocks that such block or. slab may be made ot great length, so that in many instances it. may be of sutlicient length to reaeh the. t'ull height o1 the structure oul the. outside. ol" the building and the height.

from Hoor to ceiling, on the inside.

The improved block or slab shown and described herein constitutes the subject-mat ter of a separate applieation, Serial No.

50,725, filed September 1.5, 1915;

In the drawings accompanying and t'orn iing part of this specification, Figure t is a vsectional view ilhlstratilngr in a general Way a side Wall, a floor, a ceiling and roof" h avingthis improv fd construction, the Section of the tloor. ciling. and side wall being taken vthrough tV iat part ot' the assembled blocks where. a lollow spacenvould be.

formed :'Fig. 2 is a view or' one side ot' one o'f the slabs or blocks which ma)Y be utilized with this improved constrluftion; Fig. l is a sectional view illustrating the manner ot' assembling the slabs shown in Fig. l to l'orm hollow reinforced walls; Fig. 4 is an enlarged parzly sectional. view .illustratintr a portion ol the structure shown in Fig. Fig. Sis a partly vertical sectional view illustrating the manuel' in which the blocks are intierlocwd. and the meansl l'or acwmplishing thi.` purpose: Fig. tl illustrates a combined Iloor and ceilin; Y constructed ol these improved slabs: Fig. '7 also illustrates a lioor having an attached ceiling in the. form olf a metal lathing; and

Fig. 8 illustrates i ceiling: cpustructed of these improved slal s and having an attached tloor.l

Similar clla-raett Ijs-, ol' reference indicata` corrcs|ond'iney par 's in thc .several lgures ot the drawings.

As hcreinbelfore ntatcd. cach of thc cement onconcrctc blocks n' .slabs .2 will usually be ol' a length to correspond ywith the height olthc structure. ai d in Fig. l in thi* present instance the .slab .shown oll a length about seven and a hall tti nes that ol` its width. lt will. ofcourse. bc understood. however, that thc length ol' the dal "or block will correA spond either with the height ol' th(` struc ture or with tlnI di dance between thil ccilin'er wit-hin reasonable limits.

ln the preferred torni thcrcol' herein tra shown and dcscribcd cach -ol' thc slallisol the form shown in liigr. .2 comprises a pair ol' oppositely cxtendi ig' winer portions il und 1. which mayY be made. il' pre'l'errcd. of slightly tapered torni. w lich wing. portionwarc inwardlyT extending recesses t'i, whiehflreV eesses comnninica'e. one with another-and nie unitedV in the p 'es-ent instance centrally` with the ends ol the block by sections of.: pipe l2 located iu place duringr the casting@` of the slab. vTheserecesses (i `are lor'tlt'r reception of the means for interlocking.the Several Slabs togeher. llVhen slabs of this form are used for Hoor construction they may be further reinforced reinforcing bars'7,8, see Figs. 4, 6, 7 and 8. These, however, are 'not necessary when the slabs are used for the construction of side walls. Each of these slabs is at intervals reinforced by the provision of a metal rod or bar 9 extending through the said wings, and certain of these reinforcing rods are located to have the inner ends thereof adjacent to a recess 6 and are so bent as to form a loop 10 extending into such recess 6. These same looped rods at the ends or sides of the slab project'therefrom to form loops I11, which loops are of sufficient length to project into the recesses 6 hereinbefore described of companion slabs.

In assembling the several slabs made in the manner described, it will be observed that. in Figs. 3 and -l the outer and inner rows 13 and la of slabs break joint with each other and in such manner that thc recesses 6 of each slab receives a pair of loops l1 of i a companion pair of' slabs into overlapping relation with'the. loop lt), whereby when as"- sembled a locklng rod 15 can be inserted through the several sets of loops length-- Iwise of the slab and thus interlock the'scveral slabs or-blocks together. For the purpose of facilitating the insertion of this rod the sectional portions of pipe. l2 hereinbefore referred to are located in theslab during the casting thereof and the pipe. at each end of the slab may be internallyA thneaded, as at .-16 for the reception of a lifting eye-'plug 17,

see Fig. 5, whereby the slab may be readily hoisted into position. As stated, the reinforcing rods 9 arev provided with loops at intervals, these intervals corresponding to the position of recessesti. At other intervals reinfo'rt'fiigrods'iiii be used, which, however, it is unnecessary to provide with loops. When the walls are assembled at right angles to each other a corner stabil() of substantially the forinjshown in Fig. 3 may be used, this cornerslab likewisr ,paying a pair of wing portions 21 and'Q` meeting ina body port-ion 23 having rabbetcdportions 'LH for the re.- oeption of the side edges of a pair of' outer wall blocks. This corneiblock is likewise.

provided With recesses at intervals b v slabs are assembled grouting may be run into the several recesses, thus making a solid re- B v means of lthe pipes' Hreiiibefore referred to, after the inforced concrete connection and joint, such grouting when in position closing any openused to form a floor to which isy attached a ceiling, such blocks being connected in the same way as shown in Fig. 8, where they form a ceiling to which is attached a floor and have their reinforcing rods twisted together, as at 3d, to hold such blocksin position. In both of these, instances nailing strips are secured to the concrete or cement blocks by suitable bolts located at intervals, and to these strips may be secured metal lathing, as in Fig. T, or a wooden fioor, as in Fig. S, the huollow spaces LO being utilized, as hereinbefore stated` either for the location of gas piping, conduit for electric light wiring, or for the carrying of hot water or air ducts or steam heating appliances if so desired, and these spaces, when the structure is utilized as a fioor, may be filled with sand, sawdust, asbestos or 'any other sound resisting material, thereby providing asouud-proof tioor, which is especially desirable in apartments.

In assembling the several slabs to form a wall structure, molding pieces of cement or concrete, such as 50, 60 and 70 may be used, and each of thesev is likewise reinforced b v metal rods 71 having projecting ends '72 so located as to overlap companion blocks, as at. 73. 1n some instances these rods may be twisted together. as at 74.

The height of one floor having been con'- structed iu the manner hereinbefore described, this is repeated throughout the height of the building. The top of the building may be provided with'a cornice S) likewise formed of concrete. or cement slabs having a recess 81 for thc reception of the upper ends of the side. walls. and a downwardly extending leg 82 overlapping the saine, thereby to hold the cornice in place, which is preferably insured by a filler of concrete. 83. which thus anchors the cornice in lace. The cornice is reinforced by metal ro( s 85 located in the manner shown. Secured to the top of the'cornice block as 4at 84, preferably by being dove-tailed therein, is a wooden strip to which the roof 86 may bc fastened.

Of course it will 'be understood that the outer faces of the walls and faces of the-ceil- ItV will also be observed that in each instance the preferable way to maintain and secure the reinforcing rods in position is to provide such reinforcing rods with loops or eyes through which may extend a rod or bar. It will also be` understood that the various "ld-details maybe more or less inodiliedi-uwith# out departing `from the spirit `and scope yotl this improvement, which consists niainly'iu the improved form of cement or concrete block or slab which permits it to be made oi great `length as compared with its width, and the improved manner ot interh'iekng one slab with companion slabs, whereby a unitary structure is provided and an iniproved hollow reinforced wall coiistruclion obtained.

I claim as my intention: 1. A reinforced hollow wall construction comprising an outer row of slabs or blocks and an inner row of slabs or blocks located to break joint, cach of said slabs having reinforcing means provided with projecting eres or loops at its edges and an intermediate eye or loop projecting horizontally with relation to said slab or block, the eyes or l-oops of one block adapted to overlap the eyes or loops of companion blocks, a rod for locking said. overlapping loops together, and a pipe located in each of said slabs for the passage of said rod.

2. A reinforced hollow wall construction coml'nising an outer row of slabs or blocks and an inner row ol slabs or blocks located to break joint, each ot said slabs having a reinforcing beam provided at intervals with recesses, reinforceing means located in each of said blocksl and having at the opposite edges thereof j'n'ojecting eyes 0r loops and between its edges projecting eyes or loops Vinlorcing,nicans provided with projecting eyes or loops al ils edges and an iiilern'iediate nyc or loop projecting horizontallyr willi re lation to said slab or block, the c ves or loops ol' one block adapted to overlap the oyes or loops olE coinlninion lilocl s.a rod i'or loi-,king said overlapj'iing loops togcthci', a pipo located in caclio'l said slabs l'or the passage of said -i-od, and a rcniovable plug l'or theicnd of said pipc. 1

4. A ri'iiiilorccd hollow wall construction coniprisii'ig an ontcr row ol slabs or blocks and an inner row of slabs or blocks located to break joint, each of said slabs having a reinforcing beam provided at int irvals with re v cesses, reinforcing means l( cated in said beam and having at the opposte edges thereot projecting eyes or loops a :1d between its edges projecting eyes orlc ops extending into said recesses. the eyes rr loops at the meeting edges of a pair ofbl )cks ext-ending into the recesses in the beam (if a companion block, a rod projecting thro igh said loops` tor locking them together, a )ipe located in each of said slabs for thc pass ige of said rod.

and a removable plug for tlie eiidloli said pipe. v

A reinfoi'cml hollow wall construction coinjiirising an outer row ot' slabs or blocks tending into the recesses in the beam of a i companion block. a rod projecting through said loops for locking them together, and pipe sections located in said )cam and coniniiinicatin g with said recessei` for the reception ot said rod.

(i. A reinforced hollow wi ll construction comprising an outer row of` slabs or blocks and an inner row ot' slabs oi blocks located to break joint, each of said slabs having a, rcinfi'n'cing beam provided al intervals with recesses, reinforcing means ocated in each i ,j

ot said blocks :ind having :it the opposite edges thci'eol' projecting eyes cxtcnding into said recesses, t'ic eyes or loops at the iiiecting edges of: a pair of blocks` cx'lcnding into the recesses ii the heaiii olt a Asaid rod. and a rcuioii'ahlc pli g in thc cnil of said pipc.

7. A rcinlorced hollow w: ll construction coiiipi-.isiiig an oulcr row of slabs or blocks and aniniicr row of; slabs or` blocks, the height ol' cach being many times greater than its width and having ii licanii portion oxlcnding throughout its hei :lili and localcd `sulislaiitiallv niidway ol';` ils width lilicrehy` to provide :i pair of hollow spaces one :il each side oll cach licaiii` por ion. cach such bcani porlion haring recesso: localicd at iiiterviils throughout its lciiglili` rcinl'orcing nicans carried by cachlilocl; and provided `with projcclions extending :it cach Sidc tlicrcolI aii'd also into cach if `said reces-sw ll'ic. projections :it the sides o: Acach block extending into the recesses of' companion blocks, and nieans cooperating with the proor loops and4 Vbetween its edges projecting eyes or loops jections extending into the recesses for holding the-blocks in position.

8. A reinforced hollow wall construction A comprising an outer -row of slabs or blocks 5 and an-vinner row of slabs or blocks, each having nj beam portionv extending throughout its height and located substantially midway of its width. thereby to provide a pair of hollow spouses one at each side of each beamk 10 portion each such beam portion having recesses located at intervals throughout its length, reinforcing means carried by each block and provided with projections extend-v ing at each side thereof and also into each of said recesses, the rojections at the sides of 15 each block exten ing into the recesses of companion blocks, and means coperating with the projections extending into the recesses for holding the blocks in position.

Signed at Richmond Hill, in theount'f 20 Queens and State of New York,V this 1st day of May, 191'5.`

' YGEORGE E. SMALL. Witnesses:

MINNIE B. SMALL; THOMAS W. MARLow. 

